Common risk factors associated with erectile dysfunction due to generalized penile arterial insufficiency include:
A) Cryptorchidism
B) Cigarette smoking
C) Testicular torsion
D) Benign prostate hypertrophy
Ans: B
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Common risk factors for generalized penile arterial insufficiency include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, and pelvic irradiation. Cigarette smoking induces vasoconstriction and penile venous leakage because of its effects on cavernous smooth muscle. Cryptorchidism is a major risk factor for testicular cancer. Benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) is a risk factor for ejaculatory pathway obstruction rather than erectile difficulties. With testicular torsion, testicular arterial perfusion is impaired.
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