A 2-year-old is hospitalized with a fractured femur. In addition to pain medication, which of the following will best provide pain relief for this child?
1. Parents' presence at the bedside
2. Age-appropriate toys
3. Deep-breathing exercises
4. Providing videos for the child to watch
1
Rationale: Although play and other methods of distraction might be somewhat effective, they do not equal the comfort that parents' presence provides, especially in a 2-year-old who is also at high risk for separation anxiety.
1. Parents' presence at the bedside reduces anxiety and subsequently reduces pain.
2. Although play and other methods of distraction might be somewhat effective, they do not equal the comfort that parents' presence provides, especially in a 2-year-old who is also at high risk for separation anxiety.
3. Although play and other methods of distraction might be somewhat effective, they do not equal the comfort that parents' presence provides, especially in a 2-year-old who is also at high risk for separation anxiety.
4. Although play and other methods of distraction might be somewhat effective, they do not equal the comfort that parents' presence provides, especially in a 2-year-old who is also at high risk for separation anxiety.
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Extensive diagnostic testing has resulted in a patient's diagnosis of a benign brain tumor. When providing care for this patient, the nurse should be cognizant of which of the following characteristics of benign brain tumors?
A) Benign brain tumors constitute a risk factor for possible metastasis. B) Benign brain tumors can slowly grow into an area of vital brain function. C) Benign brain tumors have no physiological effect but should be closely monitored. D) Benign brain tumors typically become malignant within 1 to 2 years.
Consider the following pharmacoeconomic study designs and choose the one that is applicable to a pharmaceutical analysis that is designed to measure the outcomes of a blood pressure reduction (antihypertensive) drug in terms of natural health units
The costs of the drug are measured in dollars, and the value is measured by a unit of effective-ness, arbitrarily defined as a lowering of the diastolic blood pressure by 1 mm Hg. This analysis is classified as a: a. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) b. Cost-effective analysis (CEA) c. Cost-utility analysis (CUA) d. Cost-minimization analysis (CMA)
The nurse performing an assessment of a client with a neuromuscular disorder finds that the left upper eyelid sags and covers a portion of the pupil. The nurse would note this finding on the client record as
a. amblyopia. b. lid eversion. c. presbyopia. d. ptosis.
Indomethacin (Indocin) is highly protein bound and is ordered as a new medication for the client. The client is taking another medication that is moderately protein bound
Upon administration of both medications, the nurse should be most concerned with: a. indomethacin toxicity. b. indomethacin levels below the therapeutic level. c. an increase in medication side effects. d. toxic levels of the first drug.