Tia, a new mom, is surprised that her baby seems to have well-developed senses to taste and smell. What evidence supports Tia's experience?
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Taste: Babies show a preference for sweet over bitter flavors at birth.
2. Newborns also show a preference for flavors that were in the mother's diet during the fetal period, such as the taste of anise, shown in a study in France.
3. Smell: Newborns make distinctions on the basis of smell that are similar to those of older children and adults: They react with positive facial expressions to foods such as bananas, butter, and chocolate; neutral expressions to vanilla; slightly negative expressions to fishy odors, and strongly negative expressions to rotten eggs.
4. Within two to three weeks, breastfed infants are able to distinguish the unique odor of their mother compared to that of strangers.
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Following a near-drowning experience as a child, Chantelle is now afraid to go near any large bodies of water. In this situation her fear has become a(n) _____.
A. unconditioned stimulus (UCS) B. conditioned stimulus (CS) C. unconditioned response (UCR) D. conditioned response (CR)
In the case of anticipatory nausea, the neutral stimulus is ____ and the UCR could be ____.
A. the nurse's voice; chemotherapy B. nausea; chemotherapy C. chemotherapy; aftershave D. the smell of the treatment room; nausea
Intersex
What will be an ideal response?
Identify a true statement about infant growth during the second year after birth?
A. All infants grow about seven to nine inches taller during this time. B. The growth rates of shorter-than-average infants tend to speed up during this time. C. The growth of taller-than-average infants continues to speed up during this time. D. Boys mature more quickly than girls during this time.