Rhodes Bakery The balance sheet taken from the company's 2020 10-K is provided below:

 December 31
Assets:2020
2019
Current Assets:   Cash$   61,100
$54,000
 Accounts Receivable22,500
17,500
 Inventory8,500
7,000
 Other Current Assets       6,500
    5,500
 Total Current Assets98,600
84,000
Long-term Assets:   Property, Plant & Equipment, net744,900
25,000
 Intangible Assets     211,250
  225,000
Total Assets$1,054,750
$334,000
    Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity  Current Liabilities:   Accounts Payable$     5,500
$    4,500
 Interest Payable500
500
 Current Portion of Long-Term Debt15,000
0
 Income Tax Payable       18,500
    23,000
 Total Current Liabilities$     39,500
28,000
Long-term Liabilities:   Notes Payable     246,250
    15,000
 Total Liabilities285,750
43,000
Stockholders' Equity   Common Stock60,000
35,000
 Additional Paid-in Capital654,000
186,000
 Retained Earnings92,500
70,000
 Treasury Stock     (37,500)
             0
 Total Stockholders' Equity  769,000
  291,000
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$1,054,750
$334,000
Refer to Rhodes Bakery. Calculate the following debt management ratios for 2020 and 2019: Times Interest Earned Ratio, Long-Term Debt-to-Equity Ratio, Debt-to-Equity Ratio, Long-Term Debt-to-Assets Ratio, and Debt-to-Assets Ratio. Income from operations were $65,000 and $49,000 and interest expense was $26,000 and $1,750 for 2020 and 2019, respectively. Round your answers to two decimal places.  Comment on the company's debt management.

What will be an ideal response?


2020: Times Interest Earned Ratio:$65,000 income from operations / $26,000 interest expense = 2.50Long-Term Debt-to-Equity Ratio:($246,250 long-term debt + $15,000 current portion) / $769,000 total equity = 0.34Debt-to-Equity Ratio:$285,750 total liabilities / $769,000 total equity = 0.37Long-Term Debt-to-Assets Ratio:($246,250 long-term debt + $15,000 current portion) / $1,054,750 total assets = 0.25Debt-to-Assets Ratio:$285,750 total liabilities / $1,054,750 total assets = 0.27  2019: Times Interest Earned Ratio:$49,000 income from operations / $1,750 interest expense = 28.00Long-Term Debt-to-Equity Ratio:($15,000 long-term debt + $0 current portion) / $291,000 total equity = 0.05Debt-to-Equity Ratio:$43,000 total liabilities / $291,000 total equity = 0.15Long-Term Debt-to-Assets Ratio:($15,000 long-term debt + $0 current portion) / $334,000 total assets = 0.05Debt-to-Assets Ratio:$43,000 total liabilities / $334,000 total assets = 0.13
Although each of the debt management ratios has declined from 2019 to 2020, this was because the company had significant borrowings during 2020. From the times interest earned ratio, you can see that the income generated from the company's operations was sufficient to cover interest expense. Both the long-term debt-to-equity ratio and debt-to-equity ratio indicate that the company had much more equity financing than debt, even in 2020 after the company borrowed nearly $250,000.

Business

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