Describe, in order from outside to inside, the cell layers of the typical plant root. Trace the path of water entering the root

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The outermost layer of the root is the epidermis. Just inside this is the cortex, composed of parenchyma cells. The innermost layer of the cortex is the endodermis. Water travels easily through the cortex, by passing around the cells, then it must pass through the endodermis and its Casparian strip by actually passing through the cytoplasm of the endodermal cells. The uptake of nutrients in this water is by active transport and requires energy. The endodermis encircles the pericycle, and inside this ring of cells are the vascular cells of the root: the xylem and phloem. In eudicots, the xylem and phloem are clustered in the center of the root; in monocots they form a circle around the centrally located pith, which is composed of parenchyma.

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