Which factors in the maternal medical history should cause the nurse concern regarding the development of cleft lip or cleft palate during pregnancy? Select all that apply
1. Cigarette smoking
2. Alcohol use
3. Excessive folate intake
4. Glucocorticoid use
5. Anticoagulant use
1, 2, 4
Explanation:
1. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for cleft lip and cleft palate.
2. Alcohol use during pregnancy is a risk factor for cleft lip and cleft palate.
3. Excessive folate intake is not a risk factor for cleft lip and cleft palate. A folate deficiency is often the cause for these disorders.
4. Glucocorticoid use is a risk factor for cleft lip and cleft palate.
5. Anticoagulant use is not a risk factor for cleft lip and cleft palate.
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