A nurse is caring for older adult clients in an assisted-living facility. Which effect of aging should the nurse consider when performing a urinary assessment?
A) The diminished ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine may result in urinary tract infection.
B) Increased bladder muscle tone may reduce the capacity of the bladder to hold urine, resulting in frequency.
C) Decreased bladder contractility may lead to urine retention and stasis, which increase the likelihood of urinary tract infection.
D) Neuromuscular problems may result in the client finding urinary control too much trouble, resulting in incontinence.
Ans: C
Decreased bladder contractility may lead to urine retention and stasis, which increase the likelihood of urinary tract infection. The diminished ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine may result in nocturia (urination during the night). Decreased bladder muscle tone may reduce the capacity of the bladder to hold urine, resulting in increased frequency of urination. Neuromuscular problems, degenerative joint problems, alterations in thought processes, and weakness may interfere with voluntary control and the ability to reach a toilet in time. Individuals who view themselves as old, powerless, and neglected may cease to value voluntary control over urination, and simply find toileting too much bother no matter what the setting. Incontinence may be the result.
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