If participants' observed scores equal their true scores,
a. the measure is valid
b. measurement error is high
c. reliability is higher than validity
d. measurement error is zero
e. total variance is low
D
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Which of the following is a goal of lobbyists in their dealings with Congress?
a. to have bills and provisions in bills they favor pass b. to increase the total amount of congressional earmarks in legislation c. to promote disturbances in the political system d. to encourage the formation of competing groups within the congressional lobbying system
In the context of congressional elections, which of the following is true of term limits?
A. There is no limit on the number of terms a senator or representative can serve. B. The president can serve only one term in office. C. A senator or representative can serve for no more than two terms in office. D. The Supreme Court has ruled that state-level attempts to impose term limits on members of the U.S. House or Senate are constitutional. E. A senator can serve a two-year term, whereas a representative can serve a six-year term.
Most of the power in modern legislatures is exercised by __________
a. the cabinet b. committees c. interest groups d. the bureaucracy
Laws passed immediately after the Civil War by southern states that limited the rights of "freemen," or former slaves, were known as
A. Jim Crow laws. B. voting rights laws. C. Reconstruction laws. D. freedmen's regulations. E. Black Codes.