Describe the three levels of support in PBS.
What will be an ideal response?
Typically, PBS involves three levels of support. All students who require support within each area should receive the appropriate degree of intensity. These supports, from least to most intense, are:
• Universal support (provided to all students):Universal support is taught to all students, regardless of identification or referral for specific problem behaviors.The goal of universal support is to eliminate as many problem behaviors and increase as many appropriate behaviors for as many students in the school as possible.
• Group support (provided to smaller numbers of students):Group support recognizes that some students’ behaviors are not sufficiently addressed through universal support.This setting is more appropriate for students who need more intense intervention than universal support, but do not need individual support.
• Individual support: The most intensive level of support, or individual support, is meant for children whose behaviors impede his or her learning or the learning of others.An IEP team must develop positive behavior supports to address those behaviors on an individual basis.
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Winton and Bailey (1988) recommended that families be assessed using all but one of the following procedures. Which procedure is not recommended?
a. A stage-wise progression that is based upon pre-established rapport between parents and professionals b. If interviews take place, parents do most of the talking c. Families interview other families to collect information for IFSP d. Summary of goals acknowledges parents contributions and invites continuous input
For a family that emigrated from India to America, ______ would be the home of the heritage culture and _______ would be the home of the host culture
A. India; America B. America; India C. America; America D. India; India
Which of the following environmental difficulties experienced by novice teachers is supported by research?
a. Between one-third and one-half of teachers drop out of the profession within their first seven years of teaching. b. Novice teachers develop a wide range of expertise for instruction. c. Most qualified teachers remain in the profession. d. Many teacher leaders enter into administration.
For which group of research participants would you need to obtain third-party consent?
a. Third grade students b. School administrators c. Cafeteria staff d. Graduate students