Define normative, coercive, and utilitarian organizations, and give an example of each
What will be an ideal response?
Etzioni classified formal organizations into three categories: normative, coercive, and
utilitarian—based on the nature of membership in each. We voluntarily join normative
organizations when we want to pursue some common interest or gain personal
satisfaction or prestige from being a member. Political parties, ecological activist
groups, religious organizations, parent–teacher associations, and college sororities and
fraternities are examples of normative organizations. Class, gender, and race are
important determinants of a person's participation in a normative organization. People
do not voluntarily become members of coercive organizations—associations that people
are forced to join. Total institutions, such as boot camps, prisons, and some mental
hospitals, are examples of coercive organizations. The assumed goal of total institutions
is to resocialize people through incarceration. We voluntarily join utilitarian
organizations when they can provide us with a material reward we seek. To make a
living or earn a college degree, we must participate in organizations that can provide us
these opportunities. Although we have some choice regarding where we work or
attend school, utilitarian organizations are not always completely voluntary. For
example, most people must continue to work even if the conditions of their employment
are less than ideal.
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One example of a positive, formal sanction is a
A. salary bonus. B. demotion. C. smile. D. frown.
During the 2016 Presidential Election, Hillary Clinton was often criticized for being too emotional, or too uptight. It seemed that there were negative consequences regardless of the choices that she made. This is an example of ______.
A. feminist bind B. gender bind C. tripled bind D. double bind
According to Lévi-Strauss’s, how are linguistics and kinship systems similar? Select all, but only those that apply.
a. Both have meaning unto themselves. b. Both are basic units of analysis. c. Neither have meaning in themselves. d. Both empirically vary yet still operate according to general principles.
Which of the following describes empirical statements?
A. statements that can be proven true or false B. statements that express one's opinion C. statements that correct misconceptions we have about the world D. statements that allow us to make better policy decisions