What are the six elements of culture? Please describe each and give an example of each element
What will be an ideal response?
The six elements of culture are: material culture, symbols, language, rituals, norms, and values. Material culture consists of what people make and what they make it with, for example food, shelter, tools. A symbol is anything carries additional meaning, for example, an American Flag carries additional meanings about freedom and democracy, or a cross can have religious meaning to Christians or terror in the case of a cross burned on a lawn. Language is an organized set of symbols by which we are able to think and communicate with others — any language we speak or read or sign with is an example. Rituals are how members of a culture engage in a routine behavior to express their sense of belonging to the culture. Examples include graduation, pledging allegiance to the flag, funerals, etc. Norms are the rules that a culture develops that define how people should act and the consequences of failing to act as expected. Examples of norms include being obedient, being polite, what to wear in certain situations, how to order food in a restaurant….. Values are the ethical foundations of a culture, its ideas about right and wrong. Examples could include individualism, competition, cooperation, freedom, materialism…….
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U.S. that began in the 1980s has ________________________________. a. reversed itself b. reversed itself, but that the same has not happened in other developed nations c. not stopped, and the same phenomenon has happened in other developed nations d. reversed itself, and essentially the same thing has happened in other developed nations
Prejudice differs from discrimination in that prejudice ________
A) is an attitude that prejudges people in a negative way B) is behavior that treats people unequally or unfairly C) is more harmful than discrimination D) encompasses all sorts of actions, ranging from social slights to racially motivated hate crimes
________ is considered the founder of sociology
a. Auguste Comte b. Emile Durkheim c. Karl Marx d. Max Weber
For punishment to be most effective, appropriate behaviors should be positively reinforced at the same time as the punishment is applied
a. true b. false