Which of these criteria is most important when evaluating the results of an experimental research study?
a. The size of the experimental group compared with the size of the control group.
b. The validity that the experimental treatment caused the desired effect on the outcome.
c. The congruence of research questions to the purpose and hypotheses.
d. The ability of the researcher to apply the findings to clinical or practice settings.
ANS: B
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A Although the groups should not be markedly different in size, findings of an experimental study are not ultimately judged by comparing group sizes.
B The validity of experimental study results depends on how well the researcher has controlled alternative explanatory variables.
C Although important, congruence of research questions, hypotheses, etc., is not the ultimate criterion for evaluating an experimental effect.
D Clinical applicability does not guarantee the validity of experimental results.
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