Jo Ellen wants to know what HHNKS stands for and what it is
a. Discuss what HHNKS is.
b. What are some of the clinical signs and symptoms?
c. How is it treated?
Students' answers should include the following:
a. S stands for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome.
Acute complication of diabetes mellitus; hyperglycemia without ketosis
Blood sugars over 500 mg/dL
pH remains normal: 7.35 to 7.45.
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances with HHNKS
Metabolic needs exceed amount of insulin available.
Nondiabetics who receive drugs, which elevate glucose levels; kidney disorders requiring dialysis; or TPN clients
b. Hypotensive, mental changes, dehydration, extreme thirst, tachycardia, and fever
Neurologic signs include lethargy, coma, paralysis, and seizures.
c. Treatment includes administration of insulin and correction of fluid and electrolytes.
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