The ______ of meaning suggests that viewers are capable of creating their own alternative or resistant interpretations of media messages regardless of those intended by media creators.
a. autonomy
b. overspill
c. ambiguity
d. dexterity
b. overspill
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In schools, teachers were generally __________ towards immigrant children
a) unsympathetic b) indifferent c) welcoming d) sympathetic
Critics of conflict theory point to as an example of religion taking an active role to bring about political and economic justice
a. civil religion b. secularization c. liberation theology d. Calvinism
Which of these statements about the relationship between sports and American cultural values is false?
a. Sociologists are in agreement that sports mirrors society. b. Sports embody many American values, such as competition and materialism. c. Sociologists disagree about the social implications of sports. d. Sport is a uniform and unified reflection of American society. e. In American society, sport mirrors the cultural emphasis on achievement.
Economic growth, as a yardstick of development, is fraught with problems because
a. there are no precise indicators of economic growth b. per capita income, used to measure economic growth, obscures income inequalities and value of non-monetary activities c. it discounts the role of private enterprise d. it is subject to manipulation by Western countries