Which nursing diagnoses can apply to the couple experiencing a perinatal loss? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply
1. Grieving related to the imminent loss of a child
2. Fear related to discomfort of labor and unknown outcome
3. Deficient Knowledge related to lack of information about involution
4. Powerlessness related to lack of control in current situational crisis
5. Risk for Spiritual Distress related to intense suffering secondary to unexpected fetal loss
1,4,5
Rationale 1: The nurse should anticipate that the family will experience the grieving process for the lost fetus.
Rationale 2: This is a diagnosis that deals not with fetal demise but with aspects of normal labor.
Rationale 3: This is a postpartum nursing diagnosis for the mother who has delivered.
Rationale 4: The parents are faced with the sudden and unanticipated death of the unborn child, which occurred without any input or control on their part.
Rationale 5: Spiritual distress is a common reaction of parents who experience an unanticipated loss.
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