A 55-year-old female with autoimmune Addison's disease has been admitted to your nursing unit with dehydration. Initial assessment confirms a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume
Which of the following etiologic factors establishes this nursing diagnosis?
A) Glucocorticoid excess
B) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
C) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone excess
D) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone deficit
Ans: B
Feedback: Mineralocorticoid deficiency in Addison's disease causes increased losses of sodium, chloride, water, and potassium in urine, which leads to a fluid volume deficit. Addison's disease is associated with a glucocorticoid deficit. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone excess doesn't cause fluid volume deficit. Addison's disease is characterized by a melanocyte-stimulating hormone excess.
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1. It reduces blood going to vessels, reducing pain. 2. It opens vessels, increasing blood supply to the heart during exercise. 3. It controls returning blood going to the heart. 4. It thins returning blood going to the heart.
A patient given atropine (atropine sulfate) intravenously as a one-time dose for bradycardia now reports a very dry mouth. What is your best response?
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Alice experiences periods of angina, and she places a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet under her tongue as directed by her physician. After 5 minutes, she does not feel any relief. What step should be taken next?
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