Restitution has been shown to reduce recidivism
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
False
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Early forms of confinement in England and other European countries were very different from our contemporary prisons and jails. One of the first methods of confinement was a facility where a wide range of people were sent to work; most of these people were not hardened criminals, but were guilty of not paying their debts. Another form of confinement was exporting criminals to other lands, such as the American colonies and Australia. As the American Revolution began, however, England had to find something else to do with their criminals. As a result, they reconfigured abandoned ships to hold criminals on the riverbanks. The practice of exporting criminals to other lands, such as the American colonies and Australia, was referred to as:
A. vertical integration. B. exploitation. C. exoneration. D. transportation.
Which of the following is NOT a discretionary decision of police?
a. enforce laws b. investigate specific crimes c. search people or buildings d. answer a 911 call
Predispositional theory contains a number of central principles. Which of the following is not one of those principles?
A. Police values are greatly impacted by occupational socialization. B. Police officers have distinctively different values from other groups in American society. C. Education has little impact on values held by police officers. D. The values carried by police officers are stable over time.
Laws that are created and retroactively enforced are known as:
A) ?ex post facto laws. B) ?bills of attainder. C) ?habeas corpus. D) ?writ of certiorari. E) ?writ of mandibus.