By the end of gestation, which of the following has not occurred?
A) Maternal blood volume has increased 50%.
B) Maternal nutritional requirements has increased 30%.
C) The uterus has increased in size by 10 fold.
D) The kidney's GFR has increased 2 fold.
E) The bladder size has been reduced.
Answer: C
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Which is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
A. CSF provides a liquid cushion to protect the brain from sudden movements. B. CSF transports nutrients and chemicals to the brain. C. CSF helps to reduce the effective weight of the brain. D. CSF helps to promote mitosis within neuronal tissue. E. CSF helps to remove waste products from the brain.
The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the ________
A) collecting duct B) glomerular filtration membrane C) nephron loop D) distal convoluted tubule
Hypothyroidism is commonly seen in elderly cats
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Aldosterone
a. enhances the ability of the kidneys to eliminate excess K+. b. directly promotes H2O conservation by the kidneys. c. secretion is encourages by angiotensin II. d. is nonsteroidal. e. is produced ion the adrenal medulla.