Describe progression from initial substance use to substance abuse
What will be an ideal response?
The progression from initial substance use to substance abuse follows a typical sequence. First, an individual decides to experiment with alcohol or drugs – perhaps to experience the effects, enhance self-confidence, rebel against authorities, imitate others or conform to social pressure. Second, the substance begins to serve an important purpose (such as reducing anxiety, producing feelings of pleasure or enhancing social relationships) and so consumption continues. Third, brain chemistry becomes altered from chronic use. In many cases, physiological dependency develops resulting in withdrawal symptoms and craving for the substance; it also become difficult to experience pleasure without the substance. Fourth, lifestyle changes occur due to chronic substance use. These changes may include loss of interest in previous activities and social relationships and preoccupation with opportunities to use the substance Consistent with the multipath model, in all four phases, biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural influences are involved.
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The initial state, operations state, and goal state occur in problem solving.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Dr. Tolman is a school psychologist who is working on a project to measure the intelligence of the children enrolled in a local preschool class. Which IQ test would be appropriate for Dr. Tolman’s project?
a. ?WAIS-IV b. ?WISC-IV c. ?WPPSI-III d. ?WAIS-IV or WISC-IV
A __________ is a historical event that occurs in the midst of a longitudinal study that might
alter the study results in unintended ways. Fill in the blanks with correct word
Physical and occupational therapy are usually part of the trans-disciplinary team for children with physical disabilities because