A 22-year-old woman is experiencing her third pregnancy. Her obstetrical history includes one first-trimester elective abortion and one first-trimester spontaneous abortion
The patient is a semi-vegetarian who drinks milk and eats yogurt and fish as part of her daily intake. Which of the following should the nurse include in the patient's dietary teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Consuming red meat
B.
Eating foods high in zinc
C.
Increasing calcium intake
D.
Restricting sodium
E.
Taking an iron supplement
ANS: B, E
Semi-vegetarian diets include fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products but no beef or pork. Pregnant women who adhere to this diet may consume inadequate amounts of iron and zinc. Most women cannot consume enough iron through their diets while pregnant, so an iron supplement should be suggested. The nurse can also educate the patient about foods high in zinc so that she can increase her intake. Although red meat does contain iron, consuming meat goes against the woman's chosen lifestyle and it would be disrespectful of the nurse to suggest this. Increasing calcium and restricting sodium intake are not helpful advice in this situation.
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