Which of the following statements is true of reinforcers?
a. A primary reinforcer may be ineffective if the person is not in a deprived state.
b. A secondary reinforcer is less effective than a primary reinforcer in controlling behavior.
c. Money is a powerful primary reinforcer.
d. Comfortable air temperature would be an example of an effective secondary reinforcer.
Answer: a
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Recent findings show that in the United States, twice as many African American students as Caucasian American students are classified as mildly intellectually disabled, which is a difference that experts attribute to __________.
A. less access to preschool services for African American children B. poverty and cultural bias in testing C. truancy and inadequate access to educational opportunities D. inadequate opportunities for self-expression
The dichotomy corollary states that:
a. people modify their constructs as a result of new experiences. b. an individual must also account for dissimilarities among people or events. c. people modify their behavior based on other people's ideas of them. d. two individuals often perceive events in opposite and mutually exclusive ways.
The labor force
a. is made up of those who are employed as well as those who are unemployed but looking for work. b. consists of everyone of legal working age. c. refers to those who are unemployed. d. consists of only of those who are currently employed.
Regarding patterns of suicide, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. The suicide rate is three times higher in Hungary than in the United States. b. The suicide rate in the United States is almost ten times higher than the rate in Azerbaijan. c. Between 1950 and 1990, suicide rates for adolescents and young adults doubled. d. Suicide rates tend to decrease with advancing age.