The nervous system is capable of using some neurotransmitters for more than one function. For example, some neurotransmitters may be excitatory in one pathway yet inhibitory in another
Discuss what accounts for the same neurotransmitter having different functions in alternate pathways.
The answer is the same for neurotransmitters and hormones: cellular receptors. In the case of a neurotransmitter, it is the type of receptor located on the postsynaptic membrane that determines whether the response is excitatory or inhibitory. Similarly, the number of receptors also influences how quickly the postsynaptic cells respond to the message conveyed by the neurotransmitter.
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Companion cell assisted loading of organic compounds is indicated by letter ____
a. A b. B c. C d. D
e. EMost of the tallgrass prairies have been converted
a. to grazing lands. b. for citrus production. c. to homesteads. d. to cereal croplands. e. to vineyards.
Chinese privet is a plant that is native to China. Over 150 years ago, Chinese privet was introduced to the United States as a fast-growing shrub that serves as an excellent privacy hedge
With no natural predators, Chinese privet quickly established itself and spread in natural areas throughout the southeast and eastern seaboard of the United States. Its dominance in these areas has jeopardized the survival of native plant species. Chinese privet provides evidence that ________. A) introducing non-native organisms can cause environmental damage B) American gardeners can easily control the spread of Chinese privet C) integrated pest management strategies will not decrease Chinese privet populations D) non-native plant species have Type I survivorship curves
Nitrogen is a growth-limiting nutrient for many organisms because
A) it is necessary for the biosynthesis of amino acids. B) it is required for synthesis of nucleotides. C) it is required for lipid synthesis. D) only a small number of bacteria are able to extract it from the atmosphere. E) only a few microbes can extract it from the atmosphere, but all organisms require it for amino acid and nucleotide synthesis.