According to the coercive perspective, gender differences in antisocial behavior are the result of

A) poor parental monitoring.
B) different social reinforcements.
C) fetal exposure to neurotoxins.
D) presence of callous-unemotional traits.


Answer: B) different social reinforcements.

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Which of the following is true about reliability and validity?

A. Reliability and validity are the same concept. B. Reliability and validity are mutually exclusive. C. A measure can be either reliable or valid. D. If we hope to measure validity, we need to assess reliability.

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During the mid-1970s, the Bureau of Prisons moved away from the medical model

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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A ____ witness testifies as to what he or she saw or heard about the act in question

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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Currently, the scientific community is more supportive of the idea that ______.

A. rehabilitation programs help reduce crime B. solitary confinement helps reform prisoners C. mass incarceration improves society D. incarceration is most effective with young prisoners

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