The nurse is interviewing a male client with an elevated prostate specific antigen level (PSA). The nurse would correlate potential risk factors for this client by asking which of the following questions? Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. "Do you have a positive family history for prostate cancer?"
2. "Do you masturbate?"
3. "How frequently do you have sexual intercourse?"
4. "Do you smoke?"
5. "Do you have a history of urinary tract infections?"
1,4
Rationale 1: "Do you have a positive family history for prostate cancer?" Family history is a significant risk factor for the development of prostate cancer.
Rationale 2: "Do you masturbate?" Masturbation is not considered a risk factor for the development of prostate cancer.
Rationale 3: "How frequently do you have sexual intercourse?" The frequency of sexual intercourse does not have a bearing on the occurrence of prostate cancer.
Rationale 4: "Do you smoke?" Smoking has been linked to the development of prostate cancer.
Rationale 5: "Do you have a history of urinary tract infections?" Urinary tract infections are not linked to the incidence of prostate cancer.
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