Traditionally, gang membership has been limited primarily to young, inner-city males. However, gang membership has been changing. Discuss what recent studies reveal about female gang members and middle-class gangs and gang membership.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers will vary.
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Hoover changed the nature of the role of the FBI by insisting that they
A) apprehend terrorists. B) catch counterfeiters. C) investigate antitrust cases. D) fight crime.
Which of the following statements made about white collar crime from the perspective of labeling theory is true?
a. White collar offenders are especially vulnerable to being labeled criminals b. Those in the white collar class are more likely to be in a position to shield themselves from being labeled criminal c. Only conventional offenders will engage in further offenses after they have been labeled criminal d. White collar offenders are immune from the stigma of the label of convicted criminal
The double standard in cross-gender searches is justified on all of the following assumptions EXCEPT ______.
a. males do not experience loss of job opportunities if they are forbidden to frisk females b. intimate touching of a female inmate by a male officer may cause psychological trauma c. many female inmates have histories of sexual abuse d. females are statistically less likely to abuse the search process
According to the text, ______________ and secrecy within a police department can result in a code of silence
a. corruption b. brutality c. solidarity d. paranoia