What are the fluid compartment consequences of hypertonic dehydration?
A. ECF compartment volume contracts, ICF volume contracts
B. ECF compartment volume contracts, ICF volume remains the same
C. ECF compartment volume expands, ICF volume contracts
D. ECF compartment volume expands, ICF volume remains the same
C
Hypertonic dehydration involves loss of water in greater proportion than the loss of electrolytes from the extracellular fluid (ECF) space, including both the plasma and interstitial spaces. This water loss increases the osmolarity of the remaining plasma, making it hypertonic or hyperos-molar compared with normal ECF. The hyperosmolar plasma has an increased osmotic pressure that causes water to move from the ICF into the plasma and interstitial fluid spaces. The fluid shift leads to cellular dehydration and shrinkage. The fluid shift also causes the plasma volume to increase to normal or greater than normal levels.
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