Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Under the mere presence rule, an individual can satisfy the actus reus of a crime by being present and watching the commission of a crime.
2. An accessory after the fact is generally punished as harshly as the perpetrator of a crime.
3. Under the Model Penal Code, witness tampering is a basis for a conviction of hindering apprehension or prosecution.
4. A majority of states have adopted parental responsibility laws.
5. The natural and probable consequences doctrine has been rejected by a majority of courts as unfair to an accessory who lacked the intent to commit the more serious offense.
1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
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Which of the following would NOT be considered a typical variable for analysis for social control theory?
a. Economic barriers b. Family structures c. Peer groups d. Educational levels
Civil cases must be proved according to a standard of ________
A) causation of harm B) 100 percent C) preponderance of the evidence D) nolo contendere
According to the _______view, some business organizations promote white-collar criminality in the same way that lower-class culture encourages the development of juvenile gangs and street crimes
a. corporate greed c. corporate culture b. rationalization/neutralization d. self-control
Which type of sentence requires that offenders serve time in a local jail before a period of supervised probation?
A) Shock probation B) Split sentence C) Shock incarceration D) Mixed sentence