Which of the following developments has resulted in a transfer of power from manufacturers to retailers?
A. An increase in brand loyalty among consumers has led to an increase in sales promotion activities.
B. Increasingly, manufacturers are introducing more private-label brands into the market.
C. A significant decrease in promotional sensitivity and time sensitivity among consumers has occurred since the early 2000s.
D. Consolidation of the retail industry has resulted in larger chains with greater buying power and clout.
E. The advent of optical scanners and computers has given manufacturers access to sales information.
Answer: D
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