Which findings would the nurse utilize to identify the level of acute kidney injury in a patient?
A) Blood urea nitrogen levels
B) Ratio of fluid intake to fluid output
C) Blood pressure readings
D) Serum creatinine levels and urinary output
D) Serum creatinine levels and urinary output
Explanation: A) The RIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO staging systems utilize the current kidney function indices of serum creatinine levels and urinary output to identify the level of injury or failure. The accumulation of serum creatinine signifies an excess of nitrogenous waste products, and urinary output reflects the ability of the kidney to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.
B) The RIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO staging systems utilize the current kidney function indices of serum creatinine levels and urinary output to identify the level of injury or failure. The accumulation of serum creatinine signifies an excess of nitrogenous waste products, and urinary output reflects the ability of the kidney to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.
C) The RIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO staging systems utilize the current kidney function indices of serum creatinine levels and urinary output to identify the level of injury or failure. The accumulation of serum creatinine signifies an excess of nitrogenous waste products, and urinary output reflects the ability of the kidney to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.
D) The RIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO staging systems utilize the current kidney function indices of serum creatinine levels and urinary output to identify the level of injury or failure. The accumulation of serum creatinine signifies an excess of nitrogenous waste products, and urinary output reflects the ability of the kidney to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.
Page Ref: 1137
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need & Sub: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Standards: Nursing Process: Assessment | Learning Outcome: 46.2 Differentiate the causes, underlying pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of acute kidney injury and approaches to diagnosis and treatment of the condition across the lifespan. | QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes | AACN Essential Competencies: IX. 1. 1. Conduct comprehensive and focused physical, behavioral, psychological, spiritual, socioeconomic, and environmental assessments of health and illness parameters in patients, using developmentally and culturally appropriate approaches
NLN Competencies: Relationship Centered Care: Factors that contribute to or threaten health
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 3: Relate alterations in function to clinical manifestations of acute kidney injury and end-stage kidney disease.
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