In which example are the proximate cause and the ultimate cause of morphological evolution correctly matched?
A. Proximate: point mutations in protein coding genes affect protein function and structure, ultimate: chemical and physical configuration of a protein affect its function
B. Proximate: cis-regulatory elements are found upstream of a gene; ultimate: cis regulation is required to activate a gene
C. Proximate: natural selection causes morphology to differ among species, ultimate: natural selection prevents morphological variation within a species
D. Proximate: changes in gene regulation lead to changes in morphology; ultimate: natural selection favors morphologies that work best in their environment
E. Proximate: natural selection favors gene combinations that have high fitness in their environment; ultimate: genetic changes alter morphology and fitness
Ans: D. Proximate: changes in gene regulation lead to changes in morphology; ultimate: natural selection favors morphologies that work best in their environment
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Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is a chytrid fungus that:
A. forms dendritic patterns of wood decay B. is a major pollutant in sewage wastewater C. readily captures cyanobacteria to form a lichen D. causes declines in frog populations E. is a major cause of pneumonia in AIDS patients
The amino acid targets of protein kinases in all GPCR pathways are ____
a. serine and glycine b. serine and tyrosine c. serine and threonine d. glycine and tyrosine e. glycine and threonine
Second part of the small intestine___________________
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which of the following nonspecific mediators inhibits virus replication and cellular division while increasing some lymphocyte action?
A. chemokines B. TNF C. IFN D. IL-6 E. IL-1