In which example are the proximate cause and the ultimate cause of morphological evolution correctly matched?
A. Proximate: point mutations in protein coding genes affect protein function and structure, ultimate: chemical and physical configuration of a protein affect its function
B. Proximate: cis-regulatory elements are found upstream of a gene; ultimate: cis regulation is required to activate a gene
C. Proximate: natural selection causes morphology to differ among species, ultimate: natural selection prevents morphological variation within a species
D. Proximate: changes in gene regulation lead to changes in morphology; ultimate: natural selection favors morphologies that work best in their environment
E. Proximate: natural selection favors gene combinations that have high fitness in their environment; ultimate: genetic changes alter morphology and fitness
Ans: D. Proximate: changes in gene regulation lead to changes in morphology; ultimate: natural selection favors morphologies that work best in their environment
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