Studies that collect data at one point in time are called which of the following?
A) Time series
B) Cross-sectional studies
C) Longitudinal studies
D) Crossover studies
B
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Cross-sectional designs involve the collection of data at one time period, whereas longitudinal designs involve data collection at two or more times over an extended period. In a time-series design, outcome data are collected over a period of time before and after the intervention, usually for a single group. In crossover designs, people are exposed to more than one experimental condition in random order and serve as their own controls.
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