Following long periods of infection with HIV, an X4 strain often evolves. What evolutionary advantage does the X4 strain confer on the viral population, and what specific protein does this strain interact with?
What will be an ideal response?
The evolutionary advantage of this strain is that it can infect a different population of T cells. The alternate population of T cells contains the coreceptor CXCR4 instead of the CCR5 coreceptor.
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A reaction involving Substance X yields among its products one denoted as XH. What conclusion can be drawn from this fact?
a. Substance X has absorbed a neutron, becoming an unstable heavy isotope. b. Substance X has been reduced after accepting an electron from another reactant. c. Substance X has formed a hydrogen bond with the other reactants in this reaction. d. The products of this reaction are Substance X and a significant amount of heat.
Explain what happens to plant and animal cells when placed in hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic environments.
What will be an ideal response?
Which species of bacteria is likely to die out?
A. Neither species B. Both species C. P. caudatum D. P. aurelia
Which of the following contains the most species?
a. Deuterostomia b. Bilateria c. Lophotrochozoa d. Ecdysozoa e. Arthropoda