If a lateral lumbar spine reveals the L5-S1 joint space to be closed off, what must be applied in order to successfully image the L5-S1 intervertebral space open?

use a perpendicular central ray
angle the central ray 5 degrees caudal
angle the central ray 5 degrees cephalic
angle the central ray 10 degrees caudal


angle the central ray 5 degrees caudal

Rationale: If the L5-S1 disk space is closed as evidenced on the lateral lumbar projection, a 5-7 degree caudal tube angle should be applied to direct the beam parallel to this disk space.

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