A reinforcer that has been deliberately arranged to modify a behavior and is not a typical consequence of the behavior within that setting is called a(n) _____ reinforcer
A) ?natural
B) ?artificial
C) ?contrived
D) ?Both b and c are correct.
D
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University review boards
A. supervise the use of humans, but not animals, in research. B. are composed of research faculty with expertise in the areas under study. C. supervise the use of animals, but not humans, in research. D. include a faculty member from a nonscience discipline.
_____ occurs when people require larger amounts of a drug to experience the same effects experienced during their initial usage
A) Physical withdrawal B) Psychological withdrawal C) Satiety D) Tolerance
The extent to which the variability of a trait among groups is genetically influenced is referred to as
a. between-group heritability. b. among-group heritability. c. cross-group heritability. d. within-group heritability.
A study of the daily experiences of younger and older adults (Mroczek et al., 2006 ) found that the majority of older adults are __________ on neuroticism and that __________ adults experience fewer negative emotional responses to stress
A) high; older B) high; younger C) low; older D) low; younger