A client is admitted with early-stage heart failure. What immediate compensatory response would the nurse expect to see in this client?
A. Decreased stroke volume causing decreased urinary output
B. Arterial vasodilation resulting in pooling of blood in the extremities
C. Stimulation of adrenergic receptors causing an increase in heart rate
D. Myocardial hypertrophy resulting in an initial increase in oxygen saturation
C
In heart failure, stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system represents the most immediate response. Adrenergic receptor stimulation causes an increase in heart rate.
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You are providing the preoperative teaching for a patient scheduled for surgery. You know to instruct the patient on the use of deep breathing, coughing, and the use of incentive spirometry. What is the rationale for these interventions?
A) To promote wound healing B) To promote optimal lung expansion C) To enhance peripheral circulation D) To increase gas formation
You are planning care for a patient diagnosed with a secondary immunodeficiency. What does your care depend on? (Mark all that apply.)
A) The underlying cause of the immunodeficiency B) The severity of the immunodeficiency C) The type of immunodeficiency D) The transmissibility of the immunodeficiency E) The ability of the patient for self-care
Benner (1984) emphasizes the importance of acquiring clinical knowledge and expertise through:
a. authorities. b. borrowing from other disciplines. c. personal experience. d. research.
A problem for nurses conducting quasi-experimental or experimental research is that many times a patient cannot ethically be left without a treatment. What is the best solution for this problem?
a. Control for the situation statistically. b. Create placebo treatments. c. Ensure all patients receive the standard of care. d. Use other research designs as often as possible.