Gordon wears the same blue shirt to class each time he has a
major test because he believes that wearing that shirt
will assure him an "A" just like he got on the first test when he was wearing this blue shirt. This illustrates
a. an unconditioned response.
b. a primary reinforcer.
c. a superstitious behavior.
d. successive approximations.
ANSWER: c
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Which of the following statements about the influence of culture on the use of IQ tests is MOST accurate?
a. IQ tests are widely used in virtually all cultures. b. Different cultures have different conceptions of what intelligence is. c. It is generally accepted across all cultures that it is possible to measure and quantify intellectual ability. d. Western IQ tests generally translate well into the language and cognitive framework of non-Western cultures.
Imagine that you are reading a short story about two students named Chris and Freddie. As you read this story, you find that you are trying to figure out why Chris is avoiding Freddie, and how Freddie must feel about this avoidance
These cognitive efforts would be most consistent with which of the following views of reading? a. the indirect-access route b. the phonetic module hypothesis c. the constructionist view of inferences. d. Chomsky's approach to psycholinguistics
According to the discussion of problem-solving expertise in Chapter 11,
a. expertise is typically defined in terms of problem-solving speed, rather than problem-solving accuracy. b. in some fields, expertise is not strongly correlated with the number of years of experience. c. true experts can acquire their expertise without extensive practice because they truly seem to be "born" with their skills. d. experts tend to have an especially well-developed working memory for general information, not just in their area of expertise.
Existential psychologists believe that the desire for self-esteem reflects a need to find value in ourselves in order to:
A) achieve a sense of belongingness. B) achieve a high social status. C) escape anxiety associated with our own mortality. D) increase our awareness of ambivalent feelings about love.