According to futurist L. Edward Wells, future explanations of crime will more greatly emphasize biological factors
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
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Because today's officers are more highly trained and educated and have learned to think independently, today's policing demands:
a. complete delegation of authority. b. quasi-delegation of power. c. employee empowerment. d. abdication of authority.
Specific deterrence suggests that criminal sanctions should be so powerful that known criminals will never repeat their criminal acts. Which statement about harsh (powerful) sanctions and deterrence is not true?
A. Harsh sanctions work as an effective deterrence to recidivism. B. Harsh sanctions may result in defiance rather than deterrence. C. Experiencing harsh sanctions may cause severe psychological problems. D. The stigma of harsh sanctions labels and locks people into criminal careers.
What happens at the initial appearance if the judge does not believe there is enough evidence to establish probable cause?
A. The case is dismissed. B. The case is returned to the prosecutor. C. The case is returned to the police department. D. The case continues to the arraignment.
Which of the following is an example of a multistage cluster sample?
a. the Self Report Survey b. the National Crime Victimization Survey c. Uniform Crime Reports d. court records