Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. A raw peanut with almost 2 calories of energy has 2,000 times the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram water by 1°C.
2. You are cold. Your body begins a shivering response. You quickly rub your hands together, and the friction produces a small amount of heat. The heat is evidence of increasing entropy.
3. Each protein in an electron transport chain is sequentially oxidized, then reduced, allowing small amounts of energy to be released for use by the cell during each transfer.
4. Cofactors, required to stabilize enzymes, are often in our diets as vitamins, minerals, and metals.
5. Whenever ATP is produced by a chemical reaction, some energy is lost into the surroundings as heat.
1.TRUE
The energy of food or any other molecule is related to changing temperature, a form of work.
2.TRUE
Molecules give off heat in every chemical and physical reaction.
3. FALSE
Through the series of proteins, each first gains the electron, then donates it to the next.
4.TRUE
Many of our enzymes require cofactors to function, and are supplemented by dietary intake or supplements.
5.TRUE
According to laws of thermodynamics, this applies to any physical or chemical reaction.
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Which part of a hemoglobin molecule binds to a molecule of O2?
A. the hydrophobic pocket between two a chains B. the copper atom wedged between an a and a b globin chain C. the iron atom in the center of a heme group D. the surface of a b globin chain E. the surface of an a globin chain
Gibbons are able to swing through the trees by
their arms thanks to ___ joints.
a. fibrous b. cartilaginous c. synovial d. hinged joints e. gliding joints
__________ selection leads to forms of traits that
enhance reproductive success and may result in sexual dimorphism. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
A geneticist is studying a particular Drosophila mutant that produces a phenotype of "no wing" due to a mutation in a gene called wingless. She takes the mutant wingless and mutagenizes it. She hypothesizes that any fly that emerges with wings will be
due to the original mutated gene reverting back to the wild-type allele. From this study, she identifies a fly that now has wings. When she sequences the wingless gene, she discovers that the original mutation is still there, and there are no other mutations in the wingless gene. However, a second gene at a separate locus is mutated. The second mutation is best classified as a(n) ________. A) conditional mutation B) intergenic suppressor mutation C) haploinsufficiency mutation D) intragenic suppressor mutation E) null mutation