Place the following individuals in order (1–4) related to their risk for dehydration, ranking from highest to lowest
A. ___ A 28-year-old patient who is nothing by mouth (NPO) prior to an endoscopy
B. ___ An 8-year-old patient who has had diarrhea for 16 hours
C. ___ A 64-year-old patient who is taking potassium supplements
D. ___ A 72-year-old patient who has had a fever and anorexia for 48 hours
ANS:
D, B, A, C
D. Those at highest risk for dehydration are older patients, infants, children, and any patient with a condition that may cause fluid loss. Fever causes fluid loss, and anorexia will reduce oral intake. B. The patient with diarrhea is at risk for dehydration due to fluid loss, but has not had the condition for as long as the patient in option D, and there is no evidence that the 8-year-old is not taking fluids. A. Patients who are NPO have restricted fluid intake. C. Potassium supplements do not cause water loss.
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