A newspaper headline reads, “Are intellectual pursuits the key to preventing Alzheimer’s disease?” The researchers scanned the brains of healthy seniors with no memory loss and asked the seniors to recall how much reading, writing, and game-playing they did in childhood. Those who reported doing daily brain activities from a young age had very low levels of amyloid plaques, which are
associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following best describes this study’s findings?
a. Intellectual pursuits and presence of amyloid plaque are positively correlated.
b. Amyloid plaques are the main cause of Alzheimer’s disease.
c. Intellectual pursuits prevent Alzheimer’s disease.
d. There is a negative correlation between intellectual pursuits and the presence of amyloid plaques.
ANSWER:
d
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Dave washes his hands at least 50 times per day, even though his hands are rarely dirty. Dave's behavior is an example of
a. an obsession. b. a phobia. c. a compulsion. d. a delusion.
Ken is a 12-year-old boy of average intelligence, as indicated by his IQ scores. He loves school and works hard on his homework. Ken earns an A in every subject except math, where he has been achieving grades in the C+ range. Which of the following statements is correct? a. Ken does not appear to have a learning disorder, because his achievement is consistent with expectations based on his
intelligence. b. Ken appears to have a math disorder because his math grade is so far below his other grades. c. Ken appears to have a math disorder because there is a discrepancy between his intelligence and his achievement in many subjects d. Ken does not appear to have a learning disorder, because he has shown that he can achieve when he wants to.
Naomi is playing backgammon, and when she wins a game, she attributes her win to her skill and planning. However, when she loses a game, she attributes her loss to bad luck in rolling the dice. Naomi's attributions for her performance when she plays backgammon are consistent with:
a. the fundamental attribution error b. a self-serving bias c. a self-fulfilling prophecy d. cognitive dissonance theory
Imagine Eysenck's two factors expressed in two-dimensional space. On the vertical axis is insecurity at the top and security at the bottom. Bisecting this axis is the second factor, with introversion on the left and extroversion on the right. Using this model, a person who is quiet, reserved, and comfortable in her own skin would be placed in which quadrant?
A) upper left B) lower left C) upper right D) lower right