Briefly describe the systematic desensitization technique
What will be an ideal response?
First, the client is taught how to relax thoroughly; this relaxation becomes the incompatible "emotion" intended to take over from the usual phobic response. The therapist and client then construct an anxiety hierarchy (a list of situations involving the feared stimulus, ranked in terms of how much anxiety they produce).
In the desensitization process, the client relaxes as completely as possible and visualizes a scene from the least-threatening end of the hierarchy. Any anxiety at this point is allowed to dissipate. Then, while the person continues relaxing, the scene is imagined again. The lowest-threat scene is imagined repeatedly while the person is relaxing until the scene provokes no anxiety at all. Then the client moves to the next level of the hierarchy. Gradually, the person is able to imagine more threatening scenes without anxiety. Eventually, the imagined scenes are replaced by the actual feared stimulus. As the anxiety is countered by the relaxation, the person is able to interact more and more effectively with what previously had created intense fear.
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A. relational aggression B. instrumental aggression C. hostile aggression D. regulated aggression
To prevent ethical abuse in psychology research,
a. psychologists have begun to use only computer models for research rather than human or animal subjects. b. psychologists use only animal subjects in research. c. role-play experiments have taken the place of those experiments requiring deception. d. psychology departments have ethics committees to act as watchdogs.
Whose groundbreaking research on taste aversion showed us how an organism's evolutionary history could influence what it could learn?
a) John Watson b) B. F. Skinner c) John Garcia d) Ivan Pavlov
Social support appears to be most important for individuals from the ____ community.
A. European-American B. African-American C. Asian-American D. Latino-American