Geoffrey is in need of a cardiac bypass surgery on three or four vessels of his heart. He wants to know his options and what the differences are in a CABG and an OPCAB. Discuss and compare CABG and OPCAB
a. What are the similarities and differences?
b. What are the complications?
c. How are vital signs monitored closely?
d. What are used to perfuse the occluded areas?
Students' answers should include the following:
a. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is the most common type of cardiac surgery.
Off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) does not use a bypass machine; heart is kept beating at a slow rate.
CABG usually uses a bypass machine for heart and lungs while repairing heart.
OPCAB has shorter time, smaller incision, reduced mortality rate, and decreased recovery time.
b. Complications can include infection, dysrhythmias, stroke, or bleeding.
c. Hemodynamic monitoring of B/P, CVP, cardiac output, preload, afterload, and arterial pressure through a central line
d. The following veins and arteries are used to perfuse the occluded areas:
Mammary veins of the chest (internal)
Thoracic arteries of the chest (internal)
Saphenous vein of the leg
Radial arteries
Basal and cephalic arteries
In some cases, gastroepiploic artery
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