After a mammogram, a client is told that she needs a fine needle aspirate of a breast mass. Which of the following demonstrates that the client is engaging in a primary appraisal of the stressful situation?
1. The client schedules the procedure in 6 weeks, which is the earliest possible appointment.
2. The client sits in the dressing room and cries.
3. The client asks the nurse if she has cancer.
4. The client holds her breath while the nurse is talking.
3. The client asks the nurse if she has cancer.
Rationale:
In primary appraisal, the client assesses the potential for benefit, harm, loss, threat, or challenge in a situation. The client asking the nurse if she has cancer is engaging in a primary appraisal. The client holding her breath while the nurse is talking is evaluating coping resources and options. This is a secondary appraisal. The client who sits in the dressing room and cries is applying a coping resource. This is coping. The client who schedules the procedure at the earliest possible appointment is engaging in reappraisal, which is an ongoing reinterpretation of the situation based on new information.
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