According to learning theorists, which of the following is true?
a. Substance-related behaviors cannot be unlearned due to the powerful genetic influences of addictive processes.
b. Emotional stress often sets the stage for development of substance abuse.
c. Drugs may become habitual because of the body's increased need for the drug.
d. Substance abuse is actually a disease.
B
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29-year-old Brenda has an IQ of 67, yet she finished fourth grade. She lives with her boyfriend, pays her bills with money she earns as a factory worker, and is able to live without supervision. What is Brenda's most likely diagnosis in terms of the DSM-5
classification of intellectual disability? a. intellectual disability, because of low IQ b. not intellectual disability, because she is over 18 c. intellectual disability, because of low educational status d. not intellectual disability, because she is functioning adaptively
A scale of measurement in which, in addition to order and equal units of measurement, there is an absolute zero that indicates an absence of the variable being measured is a(n) _____ scale
a. nominal b. ordinal c. interval d. ratio
Paracelsus introduced the notion of psychic or mental causes for abnormal behavior and posed a treatment that would become known as
a. behaviorism. b. hypnosis. c. asylums. d. tarantism.
Which of the following is NOT offered as a reason for overconfidence in decision-making?
a. Many people have inborn decision-making skills. b. People often focus on examples that confirm their judgments. c. People are often unaware of how flimsy their assumptions may be. d. People tend to forget information that runs counter to their judgments.