What purpose does the text suggest that self-esteem may have played related to survival in the evolutionary past?
a. ?Lower self-esteem led to more cooperation between rival groups.
b. ?High self-esteem increased popularity in social groups.
c. ?A drop in self-esteem predicted a pending rejection and led to favor-retaining behaviors.
d. ?An increase in self-esteem was associated with enhanced reproductive success.
ANSWER:
c
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Based on recent research, we would expect that people with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, or chronic pain may have dysfunction in their
a. occipital lobes. b. glial cells. c. endorphin systems. d. somatic nuclei.
Which cause of intellectual disability is 100 percent preventable?
a. phenylketonuria (PKU) c. fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) b. Down syndrome d. fragile X syndrome
Each time Marissa takes her 3-year-old son, Javier, to the grocery store, he asks for candy or a toy. When Marissa tells Javier "no," he throws a tantrum until she gives in and lets him have the requested item. Using the concept of operant conditioning, explain why Marissa is actually increasing the likelihood that Javier will continue to throw tantrums on future trips to the store.
What will be an ideal response?
Generalizing from research cited in the text, parents of adolescents should
A. keep adolescents close to the nest as long as possible. B. keep a tight rein on adolescents to protect them from peer pressures. C. grant gradually increasing independence, but protect adolescents against immature lapses in judgment. D. require independence as early as possible.