Members of the phylum ____ are considered by many researchers to be the living plants most closely related to
vascular plants, based on their morphology and mitochondrial gene sequence data.
a. Hepatophyta
b. Monilophyta
c. Bryophyta
d. Lycophyta
e. Anthocerophyta
ANSWER: e
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All living things need nitrogen. How does nitrogen enter the living portion of an ecosystem?
A. Atmospheric N2 taken in by soil bacteria B. Elemental nitrogen taken in by plant leaves C. Elemental nitrogen taken in by plant roots D. Atmospheric N2 taken in by photosynthesis
34. Pufferfish (Fugu) are a delicacy in Japan, but must be cleaned very carefully as their liver contains tetrodotoxin which blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. Imagine you are testing for the presence of this toxin using a neuron in a dish. You apply an electrical stimulus to the neuron that should produce an action potential. What will you observe if tetrodotoxin levels are high enough to block the neuron's voltage-gated Na+ channels?
A. The neuron will exhibit a slow depolarization even before the stimulus is applied, followed by a normal action potential. B. The neuron will exhibit a slow hyperpolarization even before the stimulus is applied. C. The neuron will show a normal resting potential, but will not exhibit depolarization when the stimulus is applied. D. The neuron will exhibit rapid depolarization, but will not repolarize. E. The neuron will depolarize normally, but then become hyperpolarized such that the membrane potential is much lower than usual.
Stepping stones and corridors have what effect on prairie habitat patches, from the perspective of Fender's blue butterflies?
a. They increase the isolation of existing habitat patches. b. They increase the connectivity of existing habitat patches. c. They increase the size of existing habitat patches. d. They increase the frequency of fires within existing habitat patches.
A zoo in Southern California has been successfully breeding arctic wolves and they want to exchange some of their extra wolves for kangaroos from a zoo in southwestern Australia. Since it is July, it is quite cold in the other zoo compared to Southern California. What discussion might the zookeepers have about transferring the wolves?
A. After growing up in Southern California, the individual wolves have lost their ability to adapt to cold temperatures, but their progeny will still get the cold-adapted genes. B. Although the wolves are genetically adapted to cold weather have not grown their cold weather coats. C. After several generations in Southern California, the wolves have lost their adaptive genes for cold temperatures. D. Since Arctic wolves are well-adapted to cold, this should pose no problems.