From where do the extra membranes arise in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and apicoplasts?
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
In a primary endosymbiosis event, the endosymbiont ends up with its own cell membrane and the cell mem-brane of the host that becomes wrapped around it as it is engulfed. This is what happened with mitochondria and chloroplasts. In a secondary symbiosis, the engulfed cell already has a two-membrane organelle. Just like primary endosymbiosis, two more are added as the cell becomes engulfed, resulting in four membranes as in apicoplasts.
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Viral envelopes are composed of
A. lipids. B. carbohydrates. C. proteins. D. All of the choices are correct.
Which of these is designed by researchers to test only a single prediction of a hypothesis at a time?
a. controlled experiment b. experimental variable
c. control group d. controlled variable e. experimental constant
men have one __ but have 2 of the all of the rest of these
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Plasmodesmata and gap junctions are similar in that they:
A) are both involved in protein synthesis. B) form a protective lining around cells. C) allow cells to communicate with each other. D) provide structural support to cells.