Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

1. The outgroup in this cladogram of vertebrate animals is the amphibians.
2. Mammals diverged from a common ancestor of all of these vertebrates more recently than crocodiles diverged from a common ancestor of birds.
3. Lizards and mammals are proposed in this cladogram to be more closely related than lizards and birds.
4. A biological species is defined as a population whose members can interbreed.
5. Today, scientists can deduce evolutionary relationships by DNA sequence analysis.


1.TRUE
2.FALSE
3.FALSE
4.TRUE
5.TRUE

Biology & Microbiology

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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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If you wanted to cause the extinction of an entire phylum, you would need to kill every cycad.

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

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How might blocking angiogenesis have a negative impact as a cancer treatment?

a) by creating a higher oxygen tension in the tissue b) by concentrating tumor cells at a particular location in the body c) by creating a more O2-deficient environment for the tumor cells d) by driving tumor cells to seek out other sites in the body

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Some species of cuckoos lay their eggs in the nest of other birds, forcing the other bird to raise the young of the cuckoo. This would be a type of ________.

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Biology & Microbiology