An older patient is not concerned about having a brain tumor because the only symptom has been a slight increase in forgetfulness and no headaches. The nurse realizes that this patient most likely:
1. Does not have a brain tumor because brain tumors are rarely present with cognitive changes
2. Does not have a tumor because forgetfulness is seen in children with a brain tumor
3. Could have a brain tumor even though a headache is not present
4. Has the beginnings of Alzheimer's disease
3
Rationale 1: The presence of a brain tumor in the elderly often manifests with cognitive changes as forgetfulness.
Rationale 2: The manifestation of forgetfulness is a symptom of the presence of a tumor in the elderly, not in the pediatric population.
Rationale 3: Because older adults have age-related brain atrophy, they are less likely to present with generalized symptoms of increased intracranial pressure such as headache and papilledema; instead they are more likely to present with mental changes. Mental and/or personality changes can be caused by the tumor itself, by increased intracranial pressure, or by involvement of the parts of the brain that control personality. These can range from problems with short-term memory, speech, communication, and/or concentration changes to severe intellectual problems and confusion.
Rationale 4: Alzheimer's disease has many more symptoms other than forgetfulness, such as language problems. A CT scan would be negative for the presence of a tumor.
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Why is identifying the steps of the research process the first step in the critical appraisal process for quantitative research? (Select all that apply.)
a. Identifying the steps in the process indicates that the reader knows what these are. b. Identifying the steps is more important than understanding. c. Identifying the steps implies that the reader understands everything in the research report. d. Identifying the steps indicates that the reader comprehends the concepts in the research report. e. Identifying the steps of the research process implies understanding the terms the researcher uses in the research report.
A new mother is concerned because she notices a white, milky discharge from her newborn's nipples. The nurse explains:
A) This is an abnormal finding and the drainage will be cultured. B) This is an abnormal finding and may be indicative of diabetes. C) This is a normal finding and will disappear in a few days. D) This is a normal finding and will disappear when the mother stops breastfeeding.
Which equation describes how to convert milligrams to grams?
A. mg ÷ 1000 g B. 1000 g/mg C. mg × 1000 g D. 1000 mg/g
The nurse is evaluating the responses of clients to teaching sessions. Which of the following is an example of an evaluation of a client's attainment of a cognitive skill?
a. "Client explains that the medication should be taken with meals." b. "Client looks at the surgical incision without prompting." c. "Client uses crutches appropriately to go up and down stairs." d. "Client dresses self after breakfast."