A patient tells the nurse that this illness is "much less" than the last one. What is one way for the nurse to interpret this statement?
1. The patient now has natural immunity.
2. The patient has experienced a primary immune response.
3. The patient's immune system has mounted a secondary response to the pathogen.
4. The patient experienced an inflammatory response.
3
Rationale 1: Natural immunity is defined as the organs, cells, and secretions of the body that provide protection from foreign proteins, chemicals, and other non-self particles. The patient was born with natural immunity.
Rationale 2: A primary immune response is the body's first exposure to an antigen. The patient is not referring to a first exposure.
Rationale 3: A secondary immune response is the body's response to an antigen to which it has been exposed in the past. The response is stronger, can be instantaneous or occur within 1 to 3 days, and is consistent with the description of the illness as "much less.".
Rationale 4: An inflammatory response is the body's response to an injury or offending organism that leads to a histamine release and local responses of redness, edema, pain, and heat.
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